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Humboldt penguins, identified scientifically as Spheniscus humboldti, are medium-sized penguins native to South America. They range in length from 56 to 70 cm and weigh between 2.9 and 6 kg. Both males and females exhibit similar plumage, making them monomorphic, although males are generally heavier and larger. The distinguishing features of these penguins include a black head with a white border that extends from behind the eye to the throat, greyish-black upperparts, and white underparts with a unique black breast-band that reaches down the flanks to the thighs. Their bill is flesh-pink at the base, and they use their spiny tongues to grasp prey. Juveniles differ slightly with darker heads and no breast-band. These penguins are adept at navigating their aquatic habitat, primarily feeding on schooling fish and occasionally on cephalopods and crustaceans.